A-C
API standards
Benchmark criteria for products and practices of the worldwide oil and natural gas industry established and maintained by the American Petroleum Institute to enhance safety, assure quality, increase efficiency and promote clarity
Blender
Frac spread equipment used to mix proppant, fluids and chemicals in a hydraulic fracturing treatment
Conductivity
A measure of the ability of hydrocarbons to flow in a fractured reservoir; it is the product of fracture width and proppant permeability
Container
A modular device for transporting, storing, and delivering
proppant to the frac blender
Crush Resistance
The ability of proppant to withstand formation pressure; API standards
D-H
Frac spread
The assembly of equipment used to execute the hydraulic fracturing treatment
Grain size
The diameter of proppant measured on the Krumbein phi scale and specified as the mesh or sieve size;
API standards
Gravity transfer
A process of transferring proppant using gravity
Hopper bottom
A truck trailer that unloads proppant through a bottom opening; a gravity transfer method
Hydraulic fracturing
The high-pressure injection of proppant and fluids into the formation to create conductive flow paths for oil and gas
I-M
Kermit mine
The first in-basin mine located in the Permian Basin of West Texas; owned and operated by Hi-Crush
Manifest train
A train with mixed rail cars and cargo
Mesh
Grain size sorted by two sieve cuts for maximum and minimum diameters, e.g., 20/40 and 40/70 mesh sand
Mineralogy
In sand processing, refers to a solubility test that describes turbidity or presence of impurities such as clays and silt; API standards
Mobile silo
A transportable device for onsite storage of large
volumes of proppant
Multiwell
Typically refers to several wells drilled from the same worksite or pad
N-P
Northern White
A high-quality silica sand mined in the Great Lakes Region
Ottawa
A high-quality silica sand mined in the Great Lakes Region
Overburden
Topsoil removed to expose a mine’s sand deposits
Permeability
The measurement of the ability to transmit fluids through a porous media or rock; typically measured in darcies or millidarcies
Permian Basin
A very active oil and gas region in West Texas
Permian Pearl™
A high-quality in-basin silica sand mined in West Texas
Pneumatic transfer
A process of transferring sand using compressed air
Porosity
The percentage of void space in a rock that could contain fluids
Proppant
A highly specified material that holds open the
conductive flow path created by hydraulic fracturing
Proppant logistics
The process of mining, moving and managing frac sand
Q-S
Quartz
The earth’s second most abundant mineral; ranks 7 out of 10 in hardness
Silica dust
Respirable crystalline silica; exposure limits set by OSHA
Silica sand
Granular quartz
Sphericity
The roundness of the sand grain; API standards
T-Z
Transload facility
Proppant storage and transfer point between the mine and the wellsite
Unit train
A large assembly of rail cars dedicated to a single commodity